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Effect of cooling rate on precipitation hardening of a Pd-Cu-Ga-Zn metal-ceramic alloy during porcelain firing simulation

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±è¹ÎÁ¤ ( Kim Min-Jung ) - ºÎ»ê´ëÇб³ Ä¡ÀÇÇÐÀü¹®´ëÇпø Ä¡°úÀç·áÇб³½Ç
½ÅÇýÁ¤ ( Shin Hye-Jung ) - ºÎ»ê´ëÇб³ Ä¡ÀÇÇÐÀü¹®´ëÇпø Ä¡°úÀç·áÇб³½Ç
±Ç¿ëÈÆ ( Kwon Yong-Hoon ) - ºÎ»ê´ëÇб³ Ä¡ÀÇÇÐÀü¹®´ëÇпø Ä¡°úÀç·áÇб³½Ç
±èÇüÀÏ ( Kim Hyung-Il ) - ºÎ»ê´ëÇб³ Ä¡ÀÇÇÐÀü¹®´ëÇпø Ä¡°úÀç·áÇб³½Ç
¼³È¿Á¤ ( Seol Hyo-Joung ) - ºÎ»ê´ëÇб³ Ä¡ÀÇÇÐÀü¹®´ëÇпø Ä¡°úÀç·áÇб³½Ç

Abstract

±Ý¼Ó-¼¼¶ó¹Í¿ë ¼öº¹¹°¿¡¼­ ÇϺΠ±¸Á¶¹° Á¦ÀÛ¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ÇÕ±Ý Áß ÇϳªÀÎ Pd-Cu-Ga-Zn°è ÇÕ±ÝÀº ºñ±³Àû ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ °³¹ßµÈ ÇÕ±ÝÀÎ ÀÌÀ¯·Î ÀÎÇØ µµÀç ¿ëÂøÀ» À§ÇÑ ¼Ò¼º °úÁ¤À» °ÅÄ¡¸é¼­ Çձݿ¡¼­ ÀϾ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °æµµ º¯È­°¡ ¾ÆÁ÷ ¹àÇôÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ¿Í Á¶¼ºÀÌ À¯»çÇÑ Pd-Cu-Ga-In-Au°è ±Ý¼Ó-¼¼¶ó¹Í¿ë ÇÕ±ÝÀÇ °æ¿ì ¸ðÀÇ ¼Ò¼º °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ °æµµ°¡ ÇÏ°­ÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¹àÇôÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ Pd-Cu-Ga-Zn°è ÇÕ±Ý ¶ÇÇÑ ¼Ò¼º °úÁ¤ Áß¿¡ ÇÕ±ÝÀÇ ¿¬È­°¡ ÀϾ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿¹»óµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç ±Ý¼Ó-¼¼¶ó¹Í¿ë Pd-Cu-Ga-Zn°è ÇÕ±ÝÀÇ ¸ðÀÇ ¼Ò¼º ½Ã ³Ã°¢ ¼Óµµ°¡ ¼®Ãâ °æÈ­¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀ» Á¶»çÇÏ¿© ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº °á°ú¸¦ ¾ò¾ú´Ù. ³Ã°¢ ¼Óµµ°¡ ºü¸¥ °æ¿ì(Stage 0) ¸Å ¼Ò¼º ´Ü°è¿¡¼­ ÇÕ±ÝÀÇ °æµµ°¡ »ó½ÂÇÏ¿´°í, ÃÖÁ¾ °æµµ °ªµµ ³ô°Ô À¯ÁöµÇ¾ú´Ù. ³Ã°¢ ¼Óµµ°¡ ´À¸° °æ¿ì(Stage 3) ¼Ò¼º ù ´Ü°è¿¡¼­´Â °æµµ°¡ °¡Àå ³ô¾ÒÁö¸¸, ¼Ò¼º ¿Ï·á ÈÄ ÇÕ±ÝÀÇ ÃÖÁ¾ °æµµ´Â ´õ ³·¾ÆÁ³´Ù. ¸Å ¼Ò¼º ´Ü°è¿¡¼­ Stage 0À¸·Î ³Ã°¢ÇÑ ½ÃÆí¿¡¼­ ¼Ò¼º °úÁ¤ µ¿¾È °æµµ°¡ »ó½ÂÇÑ ¿øÀÎÀº ¼®Ãâ °æÈ­¿¡ ±âÀÎÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÁÖÁ¶ ÈÄ ¸Å ¼Ò¼º ´Ü°è¿¡¼­ Stage 3ÀÇ ³Ã°¢ ¼Óµµ·Î ³Ã°¢ÇÑ ½ÃÆí¿¡¼­ ¼Ò¼º °úÁ¤ µ¿¾È °æµµ°¡ ÇÏ°­ÇÑ ¿øÀÎÀº ±âÁö¿Í ÆÇ»óÇü ¼®Ãâ¹° ³»ºÎ¿¡ »ý¼ºµÈ Á¡ ¸ð¾çÀÇ ¼®Ãâ¹°ÀÇ Á¶´ëÈ­¿¡ ±âÀÎÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±âÁö¿Í ÆÇ»óÇü ¼®Ãâ¹°Àº CsCl-typeÀÇ Pd©ü(Cu,Ga,Zn) »óÀ̸ç, ÀÔÀÚÇü ±¸Á¶´Â Cu, Ga, ZnÀ» °í¿ëÇÑ ¸é½ÉÀÔ¹æ(face-centered cubic) ±¸Á¶ÀÇ Pd-rich ¥á »óÀ̾ú´Ù. 1,010¡É¿¡¼­ »êȭó¸® ÇÑ ½ÃÆíÀ» ´õ ³·Àº ¿Âµµ¿¡¼­ ¿©·¯ ´Ü°è·Î ¼Ò¼ºÇÔ¿¡ µû¶ó Pd-rich ¥á »óÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÀÔÀÚ¿¡ °í¿ëµÇ¾î ÀÖ´ø Cu, Ga, ZnÀÌ Pd¿Í ÇÔ²² ¼®ÃâµÇ¾î Pd-rich ¥á¡Ç ÀÔÀÚ¿Í Pd2(Cu,Ga,Zn)À¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ¥â¡Ç ¼®Ãâ »óÀ¸·Î »ó ºÐ¸®°¡ ÁøÇàµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ»óÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ Pd-Cu-Ga-Zn°è ÇÕ±ÝÀº ¸ðÀÇ ¼Ò¼º ½Ã ³Ã°¢ ¼Óµµ¸¦ ºü¸£°Ô ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÃÖÁ¾ º¸Ã¶¹°ÀÇ ³»±¸¼ºÀ» Çâ»ó½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢µÇ¾ú´Ù.

The effect of cooling rate on precipitation hardening of a Pd-Cu-Ga-Zn metal-ceramic alloy during porcelain firing simulation was investigated and the following results were obtained. When the cooling rate was fast (Stage 0), the hardness of the alloy increased at each firing step and the high hardness value was maintained. When the cooling rate was slow (Stage 3), the hardness was the highest at the first stage of the firing, but the final hardness of the alloy after complete firing was lower. The increase in hardness of the specimens cooled at the cooling rate of Stage 0 after each firing step was caused by precipitation hardening. The decrease in hardness of the specimens cooled at the cooling rate of Stage 3 after each firing step was attributed to the coarsening of the spot-like precipitates formed in the matrix and plate-like precipitates. The matrix and the plate-like precipitates were composed of the Pd2(Cu,Ga,Zn) phase of CsCl-type, and the particle-like structure was composed of the Pd-rich ¥á-phase of face-centered cubic structure. Through the porcelain firing process, Cu, Ga, and Zn, which were dissolved in Pd-rich ¥áparticles, precipitated with Pd, resulting in the phase separation of the Pd-rich ¥áparticles into the Pd-rich ¥á" particles and ¥â" precipitates composed of Pd2(Cu,Ga,Zn). These results suggested that the durability of the final prosthesis made of the Pd-Cu-Ga-Zn alloy can be improved when the cooling rate is fast during porcelain firing simulation.

Å°¿öµå

¸ðÀÇ ¼Ò¼º; Pd-Cu-Ga-Zn ÇÕ±Ý; ¼®Ãâ °æÈ­; ³Ã°¢ ¼Óµµ
Porcelain firing simulation; Pd-Cu-Ga-Zn alloy; Precipitation hardening; Cooling rate

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